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Thickener
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A thickener is a solid-liquid separation equipment based on gravity sedimentation. It is usually a shallow cylindrical tank with a conical bottom, constructed from concrete, wood, or welded metal plates as structural materials. It can concentrate slurry with a solid content of 10% to 20% by gravity sedimentation into underflow slurry with a solid content of 45% to 55%. With the action of rakes installed inside the thickener rotating at a slow speed (1/3 to 1/5 r/min), the thickened underflow slurry is discharged from the underflow outlet at the bottom of the thickener.
Working Principle
The clarified liquid (overflow) produced by concentration remains in the upper part of the thickener and is discharged through the annular launder at the top. Concentration process: The slurry entering the tank gradually and naturally forms five different zones: clarification zone, free settling zone, sedimentation zone, compression zone, and sludge zone. The concentration of slurry begins in the free settling zone, but the main concentration process takes place in the compression zone.
Advantages and Features
1. Adopts deep-layer feeding from the lower part
According to the deep sedimentation theory, deep-layer feeding shortens the settling distance of solid particles, allowing coarse particles to quickly sink into the compression zone, relatively reducing the concentration of slurry water in the middle and upper parts of the tank, which is beneficial to the sedimentation of fine particles. Due to the deep-layer feeding from the lower part, fine particles are forced into the upper part of the compression zone. At this point, the mutual collision of dense particles greatly reduces their energy, causing fine particles to remain and not float upward, thereby increasing the underflow concentration and reducing the solid content in the overflow.
2. Adopts a higher rake speed
Since this thickener has a larger processing capacity than ordinary thickeners, a higher rake speed can promptly scrape the sludge settled at the bottom toward the central discharge outlet, making rake jamming accidents less likely. When the driving power is constant, a higher rake frame rotation speed reduces the driving torque, making rake jamming less likely and preventing the rake frame from being twisted and damaged.
3. Adopts a larger tank depth
There are two main reasons for adopting a larger tank depth: it allows the compression zone of the thickener to have higher static pressure, and it also increases the sedimentation and concentration time in the tank, minimizing the solid content in the overflow.
4. Adjustable rake arm speed
Since the oil pump of the hydraulic station is a variable displacement pump, the speed of the rake arm can be adjusted by regulating the displacement of the variable pump, so as to adapt to various process conditions and achieve the best process results.
5. Rake arm body made of steel pipes
To reduce the resistance of the rake arm operating in water, increase its strength, and enhance buoyancy, the rake arm is made of steel pipes. This structure reduces power consumption during equipment operation.
6. Reliable lubrication system
The transmission system of the NM series thickener is enclosed in a fully sealed transmission gearbox. The lubricating oil in the gearbox immerses the transmission gears and the outer gear ring of the slewing bearing. This lubrication system is reliable and adequate, and can maximize the service life of the transmission gears and the slewing bearing gear ring.
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